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[Regions of Italy] 
[Back to Sicily]
Compiled and adapted by Joe Tambe from Ancient Sicily by M.S. Finley; Medieval Sicily and Modern Sicily by Denis Mack Smith; and The Rulers of the South by Francis Marion Crawford
 Levanzo |
| ci. | 20,000 | Earliest migrants |
| 10,000 | Cave paintings in Levanzo (island off coast at Trapani) | |
| 3,000 | First use of copper | |
| 1,800 | Beginning of Bronze Age | |
| 1,600 - 1,400 | "Late Minoan" Crete | |
| 1,200 | Sicels arrive from mainland Italy | |
| 1,200 | End of Mycenaen Age in Greece |
Phoenicians (From Present Day Lebanon)
| ci. | 800 | Founded Carthage on north coast of Africa-near modern Tunisia |
| 700 | Motya colonized (now Isola San Pantaleo-between Marsala and Trapani) | |
| 536 | Founded Panormus (now Palermo) |
 Agrigento |
| 733 | Siracusa colonized (Corinth - Dorian) | |
| 730 | Zancle (Messina) colonized | |
| 728 | Megara Hyblaea colonized (Megara) | |
| 688 | Gela colonized (Rhodes/Crete) | |
| 650 | Himera colonized (with Thermae is now Termini Imerese) | |
| 630 | Selinus (Selinunte) colonized | |
| 600 | Kamerina colonized | |
| 580 | Akragas (Girgenti - Agrigento) colonized | |
| 396 | Tyndaris colonized |
Classical Greek - Golden Age-Tyrants In Sicily (generally wise and popular rulers)
| 504 - 466 | Cleander, Hippocrates and Gelon in Gela | |
| Gelon in Siracusa, Theron in Akragas and Himera | ||
| 490 - 497 | Persian Wars | |
| 480 | Defeat of Carthaginians at Himera | |
| 476 - 467 | Hiero |
Democratic Interlude
 Gela |
| 452 | Revolt of Ducetius | |
| 431 - 404 | Peloponnesian War | |
| 427 - 424 | War between Siracusa and Leontini | |
| 424 | Congress at Gela | |
| 415 - 413 | Athenian invasion | |
| 410 - 405 | Carthaginian invasion | |
| 409 | Himera destroyed | |
| 406 | Akragas abandoned and sacked |
Siracusan Domination
 Motya |
| 405 - 367 | Dionysius I | |
| 398 - 396 | War with Carthage | |
| 397 | Fall of Motya | |
| 398 - 397 | Plato visits Siracusa | |
| 367 - 344 | Dionysius II | |
| 359 - 336 | Philip II of Macedon | |
| 354 | Dion rules Siracusa | |
| 346 - 345 | Carthaginian invasion | |
| 344 - 338 | Timoleon | |
| 340 | Defeat of Carthaginians | |
| 336 - 323 | Alexander the Great (Macedonia) |
Hellenistic Greek
| 317 - 289 | Agathocles | |
| 311 | Carthaginian invasion of Sicily | |
| 310 - 306 | North Africa invaded | |
| 305 | Agathocles assumes royal title | |
| 282 | Gela destroyed by Phintias of Akragas | |
| 280 | Carthaginian invasion | |
| 278 - 276 | Pyrrhus in Sicily | |
| 272 | Rome captured Tarentum | |
| 265 - 215 | Hieron II becomes King of Siracusa |
 Piazza Armerina |
| 264 - 241 | First Punic War (Romans vs western Phoenicians/Carthaginians) | |
| 261 | Romans capture Akragas | |
| 250 | Selinunte destroyed | |
| 238 | Rome seizes Sardinia | |
| 218 - 201 | Second Punic War | |
| 215 | Death of Hiero II | |
| 212 | Siracusa falls to Marcellus of Rome | |
| 210 | Sicily becomes first Province of Rome | |
| 139 - 132 | Slave Revolts | |
| 73 - 71 | Governorship of Verres of Rome | |
| 73 - 71 | Slave Revolt in Italy under Spartacus | |
| 44 - 36 | Sextus Pompey in Sicily | |
| 31 | Battle of Actium |
Anno Domini - A.D.
Imperial Rome
| 14 | Death of Augustus | |
| 117 - 138 | Hadrian emperor | |
| 139 | Slave revolt-led by Eunus in Enna | |
| 193 - 211 | Septimus Severus | |
| 284 - 305 | Diocletian emperor | |
| 304 | Martyrdom of Santa Lucia | |
| 306 - 337 | Constantine | |
| 313 | Edict of Toleration | |
| 325 | Council of Nicaea | |
| 429 | Vandals in North Africa | |
| 440 | First vandals raid (Germanic people) | |
| 440 - 461 | Pope Leo I | |
| 451 | Council of Chalcedon | |
| 468 - 476 | Vandal control of Sicily (Gaiseric,King) | |
| 476 - 535 | Ostrogoth rule (eastern Goths from part of modern Ukraine & Belarus) | |
| 476 - 493 | Odoacer | |
| 492 - 496 | Pope Gelasius I | |
| 493 - 526 | Theodoric | |
| 527 - 565 | Emperor Justinian I of Byzantium |
 Tindari |
| 535 | General Belarius captures Sicily | |
| 590 - 604 | Pope Gregory the Great | |
| 610 - 641 | Heraclius | |
| 651 - 652 | First Arab Raid | |
| 663 - 668 | Emperor Constantine II in Sicily | |
| 687 - 705 | Pope Sergius I | |
| 689 | Arabs capture Carthage (North Africa) | |
| 692 | Sicily becomes Byzantine theme | |
| 717 - 741 | Pope Leo III | |
| 726 | Constantine confiscates papal patrimony | |
| 741 - 775 | Constantine V | |
| 781 - 782 | Revolt of Elpidius | |
| 827 | Revolt of Euphemius |
Arab Invasion
| 831 | Palermo falls to Arabs (Saracens) | |
| 878 | Siracusa falls to Arabs |
 Monreale |
| 1061 | Norman invasion of Sicily | |
| 1071 | Normans take Palermo | |
| 1091 | Norman conquest of Sicily complete |
Norman Rulers and Kings
| 1091 - 1101 | Roger I (the Great Count) | |
| 1101 - 1112 | Adelaide Regent | |
| 1112 - 1154 | Roger II (King Roger of Sicily from 1130) | |
| 1154 - 1168 | William I ('the Bad') | |
| 1166 - 1189 | William II ('the Good') | |
| 1189 - 1194 | Tancred |
 Cefalù |
| 1194 - 1197 | Henry IV (Holy Roman Emperor) | |
| 1197 - 1250 | Frederick II (Holy Roman Emperor) | |
| 1250 - 1254 | Conrad IV (Holy Roman Emperor-Conrad I of Sicily) | |
| 1254 - 1266 | Manfred (crowned 1258) | |
| 1266 - 1268 | Conradin |
House of Anjou (Angevine - French)
| 1268 - 1282 | Charles I |
House of Aragon (Spain)
| 1282 - 1458 |
Viceroys appointed from Spain
| 1458/1713/1718/1720 |
Savoy-Piemonte
| 1713 - 1718 | Victor Amedeus (King of Sicily) | |
| 1718 - 1720 | (Viceroy) |
 Ferdinand IV |
| 1720 - 1734 |
Bourbon Rule from Naples
| 1734 -1759 | Charles III | |
| 1759 - 1825 | Ferdinand IV (I of the Two Sicilies) | |
| 1825 - 1830 | Francis I | |
| 1830 - 1859 | Ferdinand II | |
| 1859 - 1860 | Francis II |
Union with Italy
| 1861 - 1946 | House of Savoy, Kings of United Italy | |
| 1946 | Republic of Italy | |
| 1947 | First Sicilian Regional Parliament elected |
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